WEBVTT 1 00:00.000 --> 00:04.560 Now let's talk about two new data types, the list as well as the dictionary. 2 00:04.560 --> 00:08.040 And to begin, let's first focus on the list. 3 00:08.040 --> 00:10.640 Think about it like this, when we happen to say, for example, 4 00:10.640 --> 00:15.240 assign a string to a variable, all we're doing is kind of storing a singular 5 00:15.240 --> 00:15.600 thing, 6 00:15.600 --> 00:19.520 you know, like an email address or a name or perhaps we were using 7 00:19.520 --> 00:22.560 and end of your data type to store a singular number. 8 00:22.560 --> 00:26.000 When we're talking about utilizing something known as a list, 9 00:26.000 --> 00:29.920 what this is doing, it's giving us a way to store multiple values, 10 00:29.920 --> 00:31.120 so let me show you what I mean. WEBVTT X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=LOCAL:00:00:00.000,MPEGTS:900000 10 00:29.920 --> 00:31.120 so let me show you what I mean. 11 00:31.120 --> 00:35.200 Now the way we actually do this in Python is we make the use of these square 12 00:35.200 --> 00:36.000 brackets. 13 00:36.000 --> 00:39.200 And for every single element in the list, we will separate them out, 14 00:39.200 --> 00:40.960 utilizing commas. 15 00:40.960 --> 00:43.040 Now right now, this might look a little bit strange. 16 00:43.040 --> 00:46.960 So the best thing to do is just to get hands on and see it in action. 17 00:46.960 --> 00:49.600 So if that said, let's just get to it them. 18 00:49.600 --> 00:53.440 So I'm just creating new example called example 2.py and open this up. 19 00:53.440 --> 00:56.720 Okay. So again, let's maybe say we want to have 20 00:56.720 --> 01:00.240 multiple items stored as a variable. Okay. WEBVTT X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=LOCAL:00:00:00.000,MPEGTS:900000 20 00:56.720 --> 01:00.240 multiple items stored as a variable. Okay. 21 01:00.240 --> 01:03.840 So let's begin with a variable. Let's just call this myFoods. 22 01:03.840 --> 01:06.400 Okay, this is going to be something which is plural, obviously. 23 01:06.400 --> 01:09.440 So as opposed to just saying, you know, pizza as so, 24 01:09.440 --> 01:12.080 this would be a singular value as you print out. 25 01:12.080 --> 01:16.000 If you want to have multiple values, let's just wrap it within square brackets. 26 01:16.000 --> 01:19.120 Okay. Now right now, this is actually a list, 27 01:19.120 --> 01:21.680 even though we only have one value within it. 28 01:21.680 --> 01:22.720 Let me just prove it to you. 29 01:22.720 --> 01:26.960 If I just print the type of myFoods and save this, 30 01:26.960 --> 01:31.040 and let's just run example 2.py, we can see this is now a list object. WEBVTT X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=LOCAL:00:00:00.000,MPEGTS:900000 30 01:26.960 --> 01:31.040 and let's just run example 2.py, we can see this is now a list object. 31 01:31.040 --> 01:34.480 Now as it stands right now, it's a list with only one value in it. 32 01:34.480 --> 01:37.360 So maybe not quite so useful, but it is still a list. 33 01:37.360 --> 01:40.240 However, if I want to add in more values like I say, 34 01:40.240 --> 01:43.200 I just have a comma and then I can separate the values. 35 01:43.200 --> 01:46.160 So that's maybe adding ice cream as well as chocolate. 36 01:46.160 --> 01:48.560 You can see here this is obviously a well-balanced diet. 37 01:49.920 --> 01:54.320 So let's go and we'll try to print out the MyFoods variable right here. 38 01:54.320 --> 01:56.160 Let's just hit Enter. 39 01:56.160 --> 02:00.320 As we can see here, we're now able to store these three different items WEBVTT X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=LOCAL:00:00:00.000,MPEGTS:900000 39 01:56.160 --> 02:00.320 As we can see here, we're now able to store these three different items 40 02:00.320 --> 02:03.200 within this one variable value right here, MyFoods. 41 02:03.200 --> 02:05.920 Now one thing to note about the list is that the elements within 42 02:05.920 --> 02:10.560 happen to be ordered, meaning that when we happen to write in the values, 43 02:10.560 --> 02:14.400 they are going to always be accessed in the same position, 44 02:14.400 --> 02:16.400 unless we happen to modify the list that is. 45 02:16.400 --> 02:17.280 So what do I mean? 46 02:17.280 --> 02:19.920 I mean that when I print out this list, 47 02:19.920 --> 02:23.520 pizza is always going to be first, then the second item will always be ice 48 02:23.520 --> 02:23.920 cream, 49 02:23.920 --> 02:25.680 then the third will always be chocolate. 50 02:25.680 --> 02:28.720 So no matter how often I run this script and keep printing this out, 51 02:28.720 --> 02:31.280 it's going to print out things in the exact same order. WEBVTT X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=LOCAL:00:00:00.000,MPEGTS:900000 51 02:28.720 --> 02:31.280 it's going to print out things in the exact same order. 52 02:31.280 --> 02:32.400 This is important, okay? 53 02:32.400 --> 02:34.560 So because things are always in the same order, 54 02:34.560 --> 02:38.480 we can actually access them depending upon their position within the list. 55 02:38.480 --> 02:40.800 Now, there will be actually access elements within the list, 56 02:40.800 --> 02:43.040 is utilizing an index number. 57 02:43.040 --> 02:46.800 Now, the index number starts from the index zero, 58 02:46.800 --> 02:48.320 all the way up to the end of the list. 59 02:48.320 --> 02:50.800 So that means that right here, 60 02:50.800 --> 02:54.240 the first element is in list index position zero. 61 02:54.240 --> 02:56.640 The next element is in list index one, 62 02:56.640 --> 03:00.160 and the last element in this case here is in list index two. WEBVTT X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=LOCAL:00:00:00.000,MPEGTS:900000 62 02:56.640 --> 03:00.160 and the last element in this case here is in list index two. 63 03:00.160 --> 03:04.720 And if we want to target particular pieces of data within that list, 64 03:04.720 --> 03:07.040 we just specify the index number. 65 03:07.040 --> 03:10.320 So say, for example, I want to get the first element within the list. 66 03:10.320 --> 03:13.520 I can just say MyFoods and then list position zero. 67 03:13.520 --> 03:15.680 If I run this, look at this right here. 68 03:15.680 --> 03:18.800 We're able to access pizza within this data type. 69 03:18.800 --> 03:20.240 Then if I change the number to one, 70 03:20.240 --> 03:21.520 what do you think we're going to print out? 71 03:21.520 --> 03:22.480 We're going to get ice cream. 72 03:22.480 --> 03:24.880 Then the number two, as we can see, 73 03:24.880 --> 03:26.320 we're going to get chocolate. 74 03:26.320 --> 03:28.480 And if I go above the value, 75 03:28.480 --> 03:29.680 we're going to get an error. 76 03:29.680 --> 03:30.960 As we can see right here, WEBVTT X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=LOCAL:00:00:00.000,MPEGTS:900000 76 03:29.680 --> 03:30.960 As we can see right here, 77 03:30.960 --> 03:32.720 the list index is out of range. 78 03:32.720 --> 03:36.800 We do not actually have any element in list position three. 79 03:36.800 --> 03:38.960 Now, we actually can do things like adding to our list. 80 03:38.960 --> 03:41.680 I can say MyFoods and then append to the list, 81 03:41.680 --> 03:43.520 which is going to add on new value. 82 03:43.520 --> 03:45.120 So I get append in, let's go with. 83 03:45.600 --> 03:46.880 I don't know, let's say, stake. 84 03:46.880 --> 03:49.600 And if I then print out MyFoods, 85 03:49.600 --> 03:51.120 we have created the list, 86 03:51.120 --> 03:52.800 added on a new element, 87 03:52.800 --> 03:54.960 which is going to take the last place. 88 03:54.960 --> 03:57.360 And then suddenly, if I print out the value now, 89 03:57.360 --> 04:00.400 we can see here our list is now got a new element within it. WEBVTT X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=LOCAL:00:00:00.000,MPEGTS:900000 89 03:57.360 --> 04:00.400 we can see here our list is now got a new element within it. 90 04:00.400 --> 04:02.240 List position three, the value of stake, 91 04:02.240 --> 04:05.280 which means that if we now try to grab index three 92 04:05.280 --> 04:06.560 and I run the script, 93 04:06.560 --> 04:08.400 we are able to access the value stake. 94 04:08.400 --> 04:11.200 Now one thing to note here with respect to our list, 95 04:11.200 --> 04:13.840 we can actually mix and match data types. 96 04:13.840 --> 04:15.840 So say, for example, the second data type 97 04:15.840 --> 04:16.880 was going to be a number. 98 04:16.880 --> 04:18.320 Let's just go with 45, 99 04:18.320 --> 04:20.640 not that it would make much sense in this context here, 100 04:20.640 --> 04:22.720 but nevertheless, let's just prove it is true. 101 04:22.720 --> 04:25.360 If I just print out the entirety of MyFoods 102 04:25.360 --> 04:26.640 and run the script again, 103 04:26.640 --> 04:28.560 I enter, look at this right here. 104 04:28.560 --> 04:31.040 We actually have an integer in amongst all WEBVTT X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=LOCAL:00:00:00.000,MPEGTS:900000 104 04:28.560 --> 04:31.040 We actually have an integer in amongst all 105 04:31.040 --> 04:32.320 of these other string values. 106 04:32.320 --> 04:33.680 And we can actually see here, 107 04:33.680 --> 04:36.480 the integer is not wrapped within quotation marks 108 04:36.480 --> 04:38.000 like the other ones are, okay? 109 04:38.000 --> 04:40.400 So a list is going to allow us to group together 110 04:40.400 --> 04:41.760 multiple pieces of data, 111 04:41.760 --> 04:43.680 even data of different data types. 112 04:43.680 --> 04:46.720 The elements within are going to follow a particular order 113 04:46.720 --> 04:49.360 and can be accessed via their position within the list. 114 04:49.360 --> 04:53.280 And we can modify the list as we just saw right here, okay? 115 04:53.280 --> 04:56.640 Now the next data type is going to be a dictionary. 116 04:56.640 --> 04:58.640 Now dictionaries are so so important 117 04:58.640 --> 05:00.480 in the world of network automation WEBVTT X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=LOCAL:00:00:00.000,MPEGTS:900000 117 04:58.640 --> 05:00.480 in the world of network automation 118 05:00.480 --> 05:02.240 because they are so commonly used. 119 05:02.240 --> 05:04.160 Pretty much this allows us to store data 120 05:04.160 --> 05:05.680 as key value pairs. 121 05:05.680 --> 05:07.920 So we assign a particular key 122 05:07.920 --> 05:10.560 and then return an associated value. 123 05:10.560 --> 05:12.160 Let me show you how this actually works. 124 05:12.160 --> 05:15.680 So what I will do is I'll create a dictionary called myinfo, okay? 125 05:15.680 --> 05:17.600 Now again, we'll use our equal signs 126 05:17.600 --> 05:21.520 and this time as opposed to utilizing square brackets, 127 05:21.520 --> 05:23.360 I'm going to use my curly braces. 128 05:23.360 --> 05:24.320 And what I will now do is, 129 05:24.320 --> 05:27.120 with quotation marks, I'm going to specify a key. 130 05:27.120 --> 05:29.120 So just give it a key, let's just say name. 131 05:29.120 --> 05:30.240 Then I'll have a colon WEBVTT X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=LOCAL:00:00:00.000,MPEGTS:900000 131 05:29.120 --> 05:30.240 Then I'll have a colon 132 05:30.240 --> 05:31.760 and then I'll have a corresponding value. 133 05:31.760 --> 05:33.520 So let's just say the corresponding value 134 05:33.520 --> 05:35.760 is a string which is John McGovern. 135 05:35.760 --> 05:38.080 And then I can have a comma. 136 05:38.080 --> 05:41.120 So this is the first key value pair, okay? 137 05:41.120 --> 05:44.160 And then after the comma, we can specify the next key value pair. 138 05:44.160 --> 05:46.880 So let's say the next key is going to be occupation 139 05:46.880 --> 05:48.960 and the corresponding value will be trainer. 140 05:48.960 --> 05:50.560 Then I'll have another comma. 141 05:50.560 --> 05:51.760 And what I can actually do here 142 05:51.760 --> 05:53.120 to make this a little bit more readable 143 05:53.120 --> 05:56.320 is to just do this over multiple lines as so. 144 05:56.320 --> 05:57.680 Then I can say hobbies. 145 05:57.680 --> 06:00.000 And what I could do is say I like to play golf. WEBVTT X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=LOCAL:00:00:00.000,MPEGTS:900000 146 06:00.000 --> 06:01.840 So similar to a list object, 147 06:01.840 --> 06:04.320 we're able to store multiple pieces of data 148 06:04.320 --> 06:07.200 but as opposed to accessing the individual components 149 06:07.200 --> 06:09.840 via an index position as we see in the list, 150 06:09.840 --> 06:11.840 this time we access the values 151 06:11.840 --> 06:13.760 utilizing their corresponding key. 152 06:13.760 --> 06:16.160 So what I can do this time is I can say print 153 06:16.160 --> 06:18.480 the myinfo dictionary, try that again. 154 06:18.480 --> 06:20.000 There we go. 155 06:20.000 --> 06:22.480 So if I now print it myinfo and run this, 156 06:22.480 --> 06:24.480 we can still see the list is being printed 157 06:24.480 --> 06:27.120 because we are doing that right here as we see. 158 06:27.120 --> 06:29.200 But below notice we're also printing out 159 06:29.200 --> 06:31.360 the contents of this dictionary. WEBVTT X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=LOCAL:00:00:00.000,MPEGTS:900000 159 06:29.200 --> 06:31.360 the contents of this dictionary. 160 06:31.360 --> 06:32.560 So look at the start difference. 161 06:32.560 --> 06:34.080 If I want to get a safe example, 162 06:34.080 --> 06:36.080 the pizza value from my foods 163 06:36.080 --> 06:38.240 I would use the list position zero. 164 06:38.240 --> 06:42.400 Whereas if I want to get the value of John McGuffern here, 165 06:42.400 --> 06:44.000 I don't use list position zero. 166 06:44.000 --> 06:46.720 Instead I use the name of the actual corresponding key, 167 06:46.720 --> 06:48.000 which is going to be my case here. 168 06:48.000 --> 06:51.760 If I do within square brackets and just say the name key. 169 06:51.760 --> 06:53.840 If I now run this, look at this right here. 170 06:53.840 --> 06:55.920 We're able to access the elements in the list 171 06:55.920 --> 06:57.120 via the index. 172 06:57.120 --> 06:59.520 And this one here we're able to access the element 173 06:59.520 --> 07:00.640 utilizing the key. WEBVTT X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=LOCAL:00:00:00.000,MPEGTS:900000 173 06:59.520 --> 07:00.640 utilizing the key. 174 07:00.640 --> 07:03.520 And again, if I just change this to let's maybe say hobbies 175 07:03.520 --> 07:05.920 and save here, run the script again. 176 07:05.920 --> 07:08.560 As we can see here we're now getting a new value return. 177 07:08.560 --> 07:10.640 So this is our introduction to lists 178 07:10.640 --> 07:11.520 and dictionary. 179 07:11.520 --> 07:13.840 These are very, very popular concepts within Python. 180 07:13.840 --> 07:16.560 You're going to see a lot of it within network automation. 181 07:16.560 --> 07:18.640 With this now done, let's now turn our attention 182 07:18.640 --> 07:21.440 to the idea of conditional logic.