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[AUDIO LOGO]

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So now we're going
to jump in and talk

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about IPv6 support
over MPLS, specifically

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with MPLS running over
an IPv4-only core.

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Now, we've already talked all
about MPLS in this course.

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So we'll of course just be
focusing in on the IPv6 aspect.

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Now, this isn't, again,
exactly tunneling.

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But it is encapsulation,
which at the end of the day,

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that's what tunneling is.

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So we're going to take a look
at the three different ways

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of supporting IPv6 over MPLS.

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Now, one of them, truth be
told, there's not really

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too much to talk about.

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We'll see that as we jump in.

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We really want to focus
on our layer 3 options,

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both for layer 3 forwarding
and for layer 3 VPN.

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So let's go ahead and jump in.

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We'll take a look at
all three methods,

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but again, mostly focusing
in on the layer 3 options.

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So there are a few
different options

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for supporting IPv6 over
MPLS, the first of which

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is simply to run IPv6 over
a traditional layer 2 VPN.

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The next option is to support
IPv6 directly on top of MPLS,

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using something called 6PE.

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And the final choice is
IPv6 over layer 3 VPN.

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And this is something
we call 6VPE.

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So let's take a look at
each of these options.

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Let's look at layer 2 VPN
first because it is certainly

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the easiest one to discuss.

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The reason it's the
easiest one to discuss

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is, well, layer 2 VPN
forwards frames at layer 2.

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And as such, that means
that the layer 3 payload--

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again, IPv4 versus IPv6--

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is completely irrelevant.

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It doesn't care
what it's carrying.

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So we don't care what
the actual payload is.

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Therefore, absolutely
nothing needs

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to be done for supporting IPv6.

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So if our devices support
layer 2 VPN and that's

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the technology we've
chosen to implement,

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we don't have to do anything.

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We can just have the
customers use IPv6.

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So clearly, it's
the layer 3 options

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that are going to cause us
to have some discussion.

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So let's go ahead
and jump into 6PE.

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So let's talk about some
of those attributes of MPLS

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using 6PE.

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The first thing-- and we've
mentioned this a few times--

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same as with tunnels,
the PEs themselves

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are going to have
to be dual stack.

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Once again, we have to talk
to IPv4 on the underlay.

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And we have to talk
IPv6 to the end networks

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and over MPLS itself.

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Now, the P routers, the
provider routers in the core,

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do not need IPv6 support.

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This is sort of
the point and why

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we're talking about sending
this over an IPv4-only core.

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The P routers are not going
to be involved in the IPv6.

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What we do instead is we add to
multiprotocol BGP the ability

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to carry these IPv6
routes and the associated

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labels between the
PEs, much like we

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do when we start talking
about VPNs in layer 3 VPN.

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Now, at the end of the day,
remember, this is still MPLS.

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So the core data plane is still
just doing label switching.

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That's why we need these labels
up here for the IPv6 prefixes.

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Now, much like
VPN, this is going

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to have to use two labels.

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The first label,
or the top label,

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is, just like in VPN, to
get us to the egress PE.

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Once we get to the egress
PE, that second label

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is going to be to identify
which IPv6 prefix this is for.

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And the other thing that
gets a little bit tricky

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is what to use for
the BGP next hop.

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If we're going to be sending
this stuff through BGP,

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it needs a next hop,
and it has to be

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something we know how to use.

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So the IPv6 next
hop is going to be

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what's called an
IPv4-mapped IPv6 address.

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Well, what does that mean?

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Well, it means that we're
going to take colon colon FFFF.

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And we're simply
going to put that

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in front of the IPv4
address that represents

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the egress PE's IPv4 address.

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And that's what it's going
to use for the IPv6 next hop.

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And all of this works fine
because the devices understand

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that they're pulling the IPv4
address out of the IPv6-mapped

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address.

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As far as configuration for
6PE, if we look at IOS XR,

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we see that the main thing
we need to do is under BGP,

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we need to go into the
address-family ipv6 unicast

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and add this statement--
allocate-label

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for all prefixes.

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Then under our
neighbor statement,

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we enable address-family
ipv6, and we configure it

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for labeled-unicast.

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For IOS XE, it's actually
a little bit easier.

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All we have to do is go
into address-family ipv6,

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activate that neighbor
because IPv6 would not

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be normally activated
to a neighborship,

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and add the neighbor,
and say send-label.

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So this is all we
need to do on IOS XE.

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Now, our third
choice is to do IPv6

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over layer 3 VPN,
also known as 6VPE.

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Now, here's the cool
thing about this feature.

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This is exactly the same
as IPv4 layer 3 VPN.

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And of course, we've been
over that in great detail

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in our MPLS skills.

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So we should already know
how to configure IPv4 L3 VPN.

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So all we need to do is add
a new address family, VPNv6,

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which is almost exactly
the same as VPNv4.

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It simply adds the
route distinguisher

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to the front of the IPv6 route.

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And then we pretty much just
duplicate the configuration,

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adding IPv6 to, again,
that same configuration

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that we used for IPv4 L3 VPN.

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So let's go ahead
and take a look.

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So the configuration
for IOS XR, we

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can see a few things
we need to do.

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We have to go into our VRF.

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And we have to enable
the address-family ipv6.

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Under our BGP process,
we have to add

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the address-family vpnv6.

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We have to go into the neighbor
and add the address-family

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to the neighborship.

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And then whatever
IGP we're using--

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we can see in this example,
we used OSPF version three.

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But we then have
to go into the BGP

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instance of the VRF
and configure whatever

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redistribution we need to do.

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So here we can see we're
redistributing OSPF version

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3, process 1 into BGP.

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And here at the
bottom, we can see

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that we go into router ospfv3.

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And for the VRF Customer
A, we redistribute bgp.

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So this is the
same configuration

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that we would do for IPv4.

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We're just duplicating
it for IPv6.

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And the same with IOS XE.

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We have to go into our VRF.

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We have to add the
address-family ipv6.

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We go into BGP.

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We enable the
address-family vpnv6.

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We activate that
for the neighbor.

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We tell it to send
both communities.

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Again, we only need
extended communities,

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but I generally enable both.

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And then we do our
redistribution again--

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OSPF into BGP and
then BGP into OSPF.

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So as you can see, both
of these configurations

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are almost identical
to what we do for IPv4.

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We're just doing it for the
address family IPv6 and VPNv6.

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So in this video we looked
at three different choices

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we have for transporting
IPv6 over MPLS

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running over an IPv4-only core.

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So our first option, again,
was simply layer 2 VPN.

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Layer 2 VPN doesn't care
what the layer 3 payload is.

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Therefore, you can
forward IPv6 just

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as easily as you can
configure IPv4 or, really,

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any other protocol, as long as
it's supported on our networks.

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The next choice is,
of course, layer 3

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directly on top of MPLS.

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In that case, what we call 6PE
is used to forward the traffic.

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And we simply carry
the extra information

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in multiprotocol BGP.

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Finally, we have almost
the exact same thing,

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but now it's 6VPE because
now we're implementing VRFs.

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And these function
exactly like layer 3

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VPN does for IPv4,
just supporting IPv6.

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So that takes care
of everything that we

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need to discuss in this skill.

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That leaves us with nothing else
to cover except for a review

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in the form of a quiz.

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And that's exactly what
we're going to do next.

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Till then, I hope this has
been informative for you,

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and I'd like to thank
you for viewing.

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