1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:00,944 2 00:00:00,944 --> 00:00:02,832 [AUDIO LOGO] 3 00:00:02,832 --> 00:00:07,080 4 00:00:07,080 --> 00:00:10,500 So to start off, in this video, let's just 5 00:00:10,500 --> 00:00:13,710 jump in and look at some of the major changes 6 00:00:13,710 --> 00:00:17,550 between OSPF version two and OSPF version three. 7 00:00:17,550 --> 00:00:21,810 Aside, of course, from the obvious that it supports 8 00:00:21,810 --> 00:00:26,230 IPv6 which is our main reason for going to OSPF version 9 00:00:26,230 --> 00:00:26,730 three. 10 00:00:26,730 --> 00:00:30,970 However, it does have some other benefits and features as well. 11 00:00:30,970 --> 00:00:33,960 So let's jump in and take a look at some of these changes. 12 00:00:33,960 --> 00:00:35,820 And then through the rest of the videos, 13 00:00:35,820 --> 00:00:38,410 we'll be looking at these in more detail. 14 00:00:38,410 --> 00:00:40,350 But let's get started by just looking 15 00:00:40,350 --> 00:00:43,440 at the major things that have changed between our two 16 00:00:43,440 --> 00:00:46,662 versions of OSPF. 17 00:00:46,662 --> 00:00:48,370 Probably one of the most important things 18 00:00:48,370 --> 00:00:53,740 to remember about OSPF version three is that in many ways, 19 00:00:53,740 --> 00:00:56,530 in fact, more ways than not, it is 20 00:00:56,530 --> 00:00:59,950 the same as OSPF version two. 21 00:00:59,950 --> 00:01:03,340 Now, it, of course, has some updated features, 22 00:01:03,340 --> 00:01:07,060 not the least of which being it supports IPv6. 23 00:01:07,060 --> 00:01:09,730 It runs over IPv6. 24 00:01:09,730 --> 00:01:13,210 And since it does, in fact, run over IPv6, 25 00:01:13,210 --> 00:01:16,270 clearly some things have had to change under the hood 26 00:01:16,270 --> 00:01:20,200 as far as how OSPF version three operates. 27 00:01:20,200 --> 00:01:22,030 But what we mean by this statement, 28 00:01:22,030 --> 00:01:27,140 is things like the area types are still the same. 29 00:01:27,140 --> 00:01:31,870 We still have stub, NSSA and so on. 30 00:01:31,870 --> 00:01:34,340 Total stub, total NSSA. 31 00:01:34,340 --> 00:01:37,000 All of the different area types are still supported 32 00:01:37,000 --> 00:01:38,470 and they're still the same. 33 00:01:38,470 --> 00:01:41,920 Virtual links are still fully supported. 34 00:01:41,920 --> 00:01:44,200 They're still built between router IDs. 35 00:01:44,200 --> 00:01:47,020 They're still used for the same reasons. 36 00:01:47,020 --> 00:01:49,690 Now, here's, of course, a difference. 37 00:01:49,690 --> 00:01:53,320 We still use multicast for our neighborships 38 00:01:53,320 --> 00:01:59,140 but, of course, we're going to use IPv6 link local addresses. 39 00:01:59,140 --> 00:02:01,330 Remember that in IPv6 any time you 40 00:02:01,330 --> 00:02:06,190 see an FF in the address, that indicates that it's multicast. 41 00:02:06,190 --> 00:02:11,680 And the 02 indicates that it's link local multicast. 42 00:02:11,680 --> 00:02:14,770 This is very similar to what we had in IPv4 43 00:02:14,770 --> 00:02:20,020 where the 224.0.0 was also link local. 44 00:02:20,020 --> 00:02:23,380 So we're still using link local multicast, 45 00:02:23,380 --> 00:02:27,070 and notice they even kept the last octet the same. 46 00:02:27,070 --> 00:02:30,160 Five and six for our two groups. 47 00:02:30,160 --> 00:02:32,200 And of course, we only use the .6 48 00:02:32,200 --> 00:02:38,390 if there is a DR involved in the OSPF neighborships. 49 00:02:38,390 --> 00:02:43,520 OSPF version three's originating RFC is 2740. 50 00:02:43,520 --> 00:02:45,950 Of course, like all other protocols, 51 00:02:45,950 --> 00:02:49,560 there are other RFCs that update it and add things to it. 52 00:02:49,560 --> 00:02:52,340 But that's the fundamental RFC in case 53 00:02:52,340 --> 00:02:54,410 you want to do any further research 54 00:02:54,410 --> 00:02:56,900 and you enjoy just reading RFCs. 55 00:02:56,900 --> 00:03:00,950 Now, as we indicated, the huge feature we're looking for here 56 00:03:00,950 --> 00:03:03,920 is the IPv6 support. 57 00:03:03,920 --> 00:03:06,320 And that of course, means it's going to support 58 00:03:06,320 --> 00:03:10,220 128-bit IPv6 addresses. 59 00:03:10,220 --> 00:03:15,540 It wouldn't be an IPv6 routing protocol if it didn't. 60 00:03:15,540 --> 00:03:19,050 Next up, another difference is we can actually 61 00:03:19,050 --> 00:03:23,520 have multiple OSPF version three processes 62 00:03:23,520 --> 00:03:25,930 on a single interface. 63 00:03:25,930 --> 00:03:30,210 So you can actually run multiple simultaneous instances 64 00:03:30,210 --> 00:03:33,630 of OSPF version three on a single interface. 65 00:03:33,630 --> 00:03:37,200 Not something we could do with OSPF version two. 66 00:03:37,200 --> 00:03:39,810 Now the LSAs in OSPF version three 67 00:03:39,810 --> 00:03:45,390 are expressed in prefix and prefix length 68 00:03:45,390 --> 00:03:49,200 as opposed to the traditional address and mask 69 00:03:49,200 --> 00:03:51,660 like we had in IPv4. 70 00:03:51,660 --> 00:03:54,420 And this is just, again, a sort of a fundamental difference 71 00:03:54,420 --> 00:03:58,140 between IPv6 and IPv4. 72 00:03:58,140 --> 00:04:00,390 I really don't think you'd want to have to write out 73 00:04:00,390 --> 00:04:04,110 a subnet mask for IPv6. 74 00:04:04,110 --> 00:04:08,210 It would be something like, fff colon, fff colon. 75 00:04:08,210 --> 00:04:09,180 It would just go on. 76 00:04:09,180 --> 00:04:14,310 So yeah, we use slash notation for everything in IPv6. 77 00:04:14,310 --> 00:04:17,130 And OSPF version three follows right along 78 00:04:17,130 --> 00:04:18,930 and does the same thing. 79 00:04:18,930 --> 00:04:22,060 Next, let's talk about the router ID. 80 00:04:22,060 --> 00:04:24,840 Now, the router ID is a little bit interesting. 81 00:04:24,840 --> 00:04:27,960 It is still a 32-bit number. 82 00:04:27,960 --> 00:04:35,010 It has no relationship to any IPv6 address on the router. 83 00:04:35,010 --> 00:04:38,370 Interesting point, if the router does 84 00:04:38,370 --> 00:04:42,880 have an interface with an IPv6 address, 85 00:04:42,880 --> 00:04:47,610 the router will, in fact, use that address as the router ID. 86 00:04:47,610 --> 00:04:52,170 It follows the exact same method as it did in OSPF version two. 87 00:04:52,170 --> 00:04:55,830 Meaning it will, of course, use a manually configured router ID 88 00:04:55,830 --> 00:04:57,340 if one is set. 89 00:04:57,340 --> 00:04:59,730 If there's not one configured manually, 90 00:04:59,730 --> 00:05:03,960 it will then use the numerically highest IPv4 address 91 00:05:03,960 --> 00:05:06,330 on any loopback interface. 92 00:05:06,330 --> 00:05:08,670 And if there's none of those, it'll 93 00:05:08,670 --> 00:05:13,800 fall back to an IPv4 address on any interface that's up, up 94 00:05:13,800 --> 00:05:16,380 when the OSPF process starts. 95 00:05:16,380 --> 00:05:20,490 That's exactly the same thing that OSPF version two does. 96 00:05:20,490 --> 00:05:24,960 Where things get interesting with OSPF version three is 97 00:05:24,960 --> 00:05:30,030 if it cannot obtain one automatically because maybe 98 00:05:30,030 --> 00:05:32,280 this is an IPv6 only router. 99 00:05:32,280 --> 00:05:35,430 Nobody says it even has to support IPv4. 100 00:05:35,430 --> 00:05:39,540 So if it has no IPv4 interfaces, then you 101 00:05:39,540 --> 00:05:41,340 have to set it manually. 102 00:05:41,340 --> 00:05:43,000 You have no choice. 103 00:05:43,000 --> 00:05:44,250 And just as a note. 104 00:05:44,250 --> 00:05:47,550 Manual, just like in OSPF version two, 105 00:05:47,550 --> 00:05:50,160 is really the recommended method by which 106 00:05:50,160 --> 00:05:51,960 to set the router ID anyway. 107 00:05:51,960 --> 00:05:54,840 So it really should be a moot point here. 108 00:05:54,840 --> 00:05:57,460 We really shouldn't have to worry about any of this. 109 00:05:57,460 --> 00:06:00,390 But just be aware that as you're putting the router ID in, 110 00:06:00,390 --> 00:06:03,270 it is still a 32-bit number. 111 00:06:03,270 --> 00:06:05,230 Keep that in mind. 112 00:06:05,230 --> 00:06:07,360 Something else to keep in mind is 113 00:06:07,360 --> 00:06:14,170 that our newest implementations can support both IPv4 and IPv6. 114 00:06:14,170 --> 00:06:20,150 Now, they're still running on top of an IPv6 infrastructure. 115 00:06:20,150 --> 00:06:21,670 So they're still going to be using 116 00:06:21,670 --> 00:06:26,150 like IPv6 multicast addresses for communication and so on. 117 00:06:26,150 --> 00:06:32,530 So you cannot run OSPF version three on an IPv4 only network. 118 00:06:32,530 --> 00:06:36,500 But once it's running over our IPv6 network, 119 00:06:36,500 --> 00:06:40,700 it can in fact, support IPv4. 120 00:06:40,700 --> 00:06:43,550 Another interesting attribute about OSPF version three 121 00:06:43,550 --> 00:06:50,450 is that it always uses the link local address of the neighbor 122 00:06:50,450 --> 00:06:52,220 for the next hop. 123 00:06:52,220 --> 00:06:56,090 What this really means is you don't actually 124 00:06:56,090 --> 00:07:01,290 need global addresses on point to point links between routers. 125 00:07:01,290 --> 00:07:04,160 Now, just so you know, there's a whole debate 126 00:07:04,160 --> 00:07:06,710 whether you should still put global addresses 127 00:07:06,710 --> 00:07:08,450 on the point to point links. 128 00:07:08,450 --> 00:07:13,160 Say, maybe run /127s on your point to point links. 129 00:07:13,160 --> 00:07:15,290 That's a debate for another time. 130 00:07:15,290 --> 00:07:17,660 You don't actually need them. 131 00:07:17,660 --> 00:07:20,510 You can just use link local addressing all the way 132 00:07:20,510 --> 00:07:22,740 through your network core, for example. 133 00:07:22,740 --> 00:07:25,580 However, it can also aid in things 134 00:07:25,580 --> 00:07:28,980 like tracing paths through your network and things like that. 135 00:07:28,980 --> 00:07:31,250 So again, a little bit of a discussion 136 00:07:31,250 --> 00:07:32,360 you can have on that. 137 00:07:32,360 --> 00:07:34,070 It's really up to you what you choose 138 00:07:34,070 --> 00:07:36,780 to do in your environment. 139 00:07:36,780 --> 00:07:38,540 Now, because of all the forwarding 140 00:07:38,540 --> 00:07:41,150 that uses the link local addressing, 141 00:07:41,150 --> 00:07:46,580 forwarding addresses would really make no sense in IPv6. 142 00:07:46,580 --> 00:07:49,820 Therefore, OSPF version three does not 143 00:07:49,820 --> 00:07:51,950 use forwarding addresses. 144 00:07:51,950 --> 00:07:55,940 These don't exist anymore like they did in IPv4. 145 00:07:55,940 --> 00:07:58,560 Some of the LSAs have changed as well. 146 00:07:58,560 --> 00:08:02,190 We'll be looking at this in more detail in the next video. 147 00:08:02,190 --> 00:08:06,740 But one of the things we do in OSPF version three is we 148 00:08:06,740 --> 00:08:12,410 actually separate the topology information from the link state 149 00:08:12,410 --> 00:08:13,380 information. 150 00:08:13,380 --> 00:08:18,170 So the topology and the prefixes are actually separated. 151 00:08:18,170 --> 00:08:21,710 We use the type one and type two LSAs 152 00:08:21,710 --> 00:08:24,810 to carry the topology information. 153 00:08:24,810 --> 00:08:28,400 Now, in OSPF version two, the type one and type two 154 00:08:28,400 --> 00:08:30,450 had the topology as well. 155 00:08:30,450 --> 00:08:34,789 But now it's only carrying the topology. 156 00:08:34,789 --> 00:08:38,270 We take the prefix information and we break those 157 00:08:38,270 --> 00:08:43,620 out into new LSAs that we'll be discussing in the next video. 158 00:08:43,620 --> 00:08:47,060 For now, another change that's happened to the LSAs 159 00:08:47,060 --> 00:08:52,100 is the type threes and fours have simply been renamed. 160 00:08:52,100 --> 00:08:54,370 They still perform the same function. 161 00:08:54,370 --> 00:08:59,950 But rather than being called summary LSAs and ASBR summary 162 00:08:59,950 --> 00:09:04,750 LSAs, now we call them inter-area router LSAs 163 00:09:04,750 --> 00:09:07,580 and inter-area prefix LSAs. 164 00:09:07,580 --> 00:09:09,760 So it's just a matter of renaming them. 165 00:09:09,760 --> 00:09:12,370 Which I think, for a lot of people, really 166 00:09:12,370 --> 00:09:15,370 clarifies more what they're used for rather 167 00:09:15,370 --> 00:09:17,080 than using the word summary. 168 00:09:17,080 --> 00:09:21,760 Because summary implies like network summarization or route 169 00:09:21,760 --> 00:09:22,900 summarization. 170 00:09:22,900 --> 00:09:26,230 And that's not really what type three and type four LSAs 171 00:09:26,230 --> 00:09:27,070 are for. 172 00:09:27,070 --> 00:09:29,960 So I think they felt there was a little confusion there, 173 00:09:29,960 --> 00:09:32,920 so they chose to rename them here in OSPF v3. 174 00:09:32,920 --> 00:09:36,200 Personally, I think it was a good idea. 175 00:09:36,200 --> 00:09:38,630 This name makes more sense. 176 00:09:38,630 --> 00:09:40,750 Now, the last thing we want to do in this video 177 00:09:40,750 --> 00:09:44,410 is just give you a quick introduction to the topology 178 00:09:44,410 --> 00:09:47,030 that we're going to be using in this skill. 179 00:09:47,030 --> 00:09:48,760 So you can see here, it's actually 180 00:09:48,760 --> 00:09:51,730 very similar to the OSPF topology 181 00:09:51,730 --> 00:09:54,550 that we've been using for our other videos 182 00:09:54,550 --> 00:09:56,120 and our other skills. 183 00:09:56,120 --> 00:09:59,830 However, now everything has IPv6 addressing 184 00:09:59,830 --> 00:10:01,690 listed on our different links. 185 00:10:01,690 --> 00:10:05,260 We have IPv6 addresses for our loopbacks 186 00:10:05,260 --> 00:10:09,140 but we do still have different areas. 187 00:10:09,140 --> 00:10:11,200 We have an area of 1,000 out here that's 188 00:10:11,200 --> 00:10:12,970 not connected to area zero. 189 00:10:12,970 --> 00:10:15,740 We'll be fixing that as we go through our videos. 190 00:10:15,740 --> 00:10:20,290 So keep the OSPF V3 topology one handy 191 00:10:20,290 --> 00:10:23,960 as we go through the rest of this skill. 192 00:10:23,960 --> 00:10:27,610 So in this video, we just jumped in and got an introduction 193 00:10:27,610 --> 00:10:30,070 to OSPF version three. 194 00:10:30,070 --> 00:10:33,100 Some of the things that are the same with OSPF version 195 00:10:33,100 --> 00:10:35,360 two such as area types. 196 00:10:35,360 --> 00:10:37,000 In fact, things that we didn't mention, 197 00:10:37,000 --> 00:10:38,920 like the way it does summarization, 198 00:10:38,920 --> 00:10:40,580 is still the same. 199 00:10:40,580 --> 00:10:43,152 We mentioned how it still supports virtual links. 200 00:10:43,152 --> 00:10:44,860 And then, of course, we talked about some 201 00:10:44,860 --> 00:10:46,430 of the things that are different. 202 00:10:46,430 --> 00:10:48,850 Of course, it runs over IPv6. 203 00:10:48,850 --> 00:10:52,180 So it uses IPv6 link local addressing. 204 00:10:52,180 --> 00:10:54,730 Not only for the next hop, but it also 205 00:10:54,730 --> 00:10:58,840 uses link local multicast for its neighborships. 206 00:10:58,840 --> 00:11:02,410 So it does have a lot of differences under the hood. 207 00:11:02,410 --> 00:11:05,780 But fundamentally keep in mind that at the end of the day, 208 00:11:05,780 --> 00:11:10,360 this is still OSPF and it still overall functions 209 00:11:10,360 --> 00:11:12,100 in the same way. 210 00:11:12,100 --> 00:11:14,170 I hope this has been informative for you 211 00:11:14,170 --> 00:11:17,100 and I'd like to thank you for viewing. 212 00:11:17,100 --> 00:11:20,000