WEBVTT 0:00:03.880000 --> 0:00:06.140000 Hello everyone and welcome. 0:00:06.140000 --> 0:00:12.320000 In this video, we're going to be taking a look at the NIST 861 incident 0:00:12.320000 --> 0:00:13.940000 response lifecycle. 0:00:13.940000 --> 0:00:17.420000 Now, I know that this course is not focused on incident response, but 0:00:17.420000 --> 0:00:24.080000 given that we have touched on incident response as well as incident detection, 0:00:24.080000 --> 0:00:29.220000 I think it's a very good idea to introduce you to this publication so 0:00:29.220000 --> 0:00:33.680000 that you have this resource that you can go through in preparation for 0:00:33.680000 --> 0:00:37.600000 what will be covering in the next set of courses within this learning 0:00:37.600000 --> 0:00:42.420000 path. In either case, this particular publication has been really useful 0:00:42.420000 --> 0:00:45.320000 to me and I think it will be to you. 0:00:45.320000 --> 0:00:49.220000 So, what is the NIST 861? 0:00:49.220000 --> 0:00:55.240000 Well, the NIST special publication 861 outlines a standardized incident 0:00:55.240000 --> 0:01:00.620000 response lifecycle that organizations should follow to effectively prepare 0:01:00.620000 --> 0:01:05.880000 for, detect, respond to and recover from cybersecurity incidents. 0:01:05.880000 --> 0:01:11.840000 And the lifecycle is divided into four main phases. 0:01:11.840000 --> 0:01:18.080000 So, preparation, detection and analysis, containment eradication and recovery, 0:01:18.080000 --> 0:01:20.080000 and then the post incident activity. 0:01:20.080000 --> 0:01:23.680000 And this is something I really like about this publication because it 0:01:23.680000 --> 0:01:25.160000 keeps it simple. 0:01:25.160000 --> 0:01:30.680000 You have four phases and each of them is self-explanatory at this point. 0:01:30.680000 --> 0:01:34.120000 If you've made it this far in this course, then you already know what 0:01:34.120000 --> 0:01:37.900000 each of these phases entails. 0:01:37.900000 --> 0:01:42.080000 But I just thought that this was really, really this was really helpful 0:01:42.080000 --> 0:01:47.940000 to me when I was getting or trying to understand incident response before 0:01:47.940000 --> 0:01:55.540000 I got into it formally and I'd worked in the sock of a bank or financial 0:01:55.540000 --> 0:02:00.960000 institution. But I really liked this type of categorization. 0:02:00.960000 --> 0:02:06.620000 But moving on, we can go through each of those phases at least in alignment 0:02:06.620000 --> 0:02:12.480000 with what is listed in the NIST special publication 861. 0:02:12.480000 --> 0:02:14.860000 So, starting off with preparation. 0:02:14.860000 --> 0:02:19.680000 The preparation phase involves establishing policies, procedures, tools 0:02:19.680000 --> 0:02:24.660000 and resources necessary to, and this is the key word, effectively detect 0:02:24.660000 --> 0:02:26.220000 and respond to incidents. 0:02:26.220000 --> 0:02:30.840000 And some of the key activities within this phase include A, developing 0:02:30.840000 --> 0:02:35.780000 an incident response policy or plan and defining the team roles. 0:02:35.780000 --> 0:02:40.180000 B, establishing communication plans and escalation processes, both of 0:02:40.180000 --> 0:02:43.620000 which we'll actually cover in the next set of videos. 0:02:43.620000 --> 0:02:49.100000 C, deploy and configure security tools, which we know are to be the same 0:02:49.100000 --> 0:02:56.580000 EDR, IDS's, IBS's, you know, conduct employee security awareness training. 0:02:56.580000 --> 0:03:02.000000 Create and test incident response playbooks for common scenarios and perform 0:03:02.000000 --> 0:03:05.260000 threat modeling and risk assessments. 0:03:05.260000 --> 0:03:07.620000 We then have detection and analysis. 0:03:07.620000 --> 0:03:12.160000 So this phase, this phase not phase, this phase focuses on identifying 0:03:12.160000 --> 0:03:17.320000 potential security incidents and analyzing them to confirm their legitimacy 0:03:17.320000 --> 0:03:22.420000 and impact. So, the key activities involved in this phase include or, 0:03:22.420000 --> 0:03:26.760000 you know, pretty much include A, monitor security systems for alerts and 0:03:26.760000 --> 0:03:28.220000 suspicious activities. 0:03:28.220000 --> 0:03:33.880000 B, triage or triage triage and categorize alerts based on severity and 0:03:33.880000 --> 0:03:35.700000 potential impact. 0:03:35.700000 --> 0:03:41.340000 C, use threat intelligence and forensic analysis to confirm instance. 0:03:41.340000 --> 0:03:46.660000 D, documenting all findings, escalation and investigation. 0:03:46.660000 --> 0:03:52.580000 And D, not D, E, determine the scope affected systems and the attacker 0:03:52.580000 --> 0:03:54.840000 behavior or trade craft. 0:03:54.840000 --> 0:03:57.780000 Which we already, we've already gone through these phases. 0:03:57.780000 --> 0:04:01.540000 Or you should understand them by this point in the course, but just sort 0:04:01.540000 --> 0:04:03.160000 of going through them again. 0:04:03.160000 --> 0:04:08.120000 We then have the containment eradication and recovery phase. 0:04:08.120000 --> 0:04:13.740000 So this phase, if I were to simplify it, is really focused on stopping 0:04:13.740000 --> 0:04:15.300000 the attack, right? 0:04:15.300000 --> 0:04:16.640000 Or mitigating it. 0:04:16.640000 --> 0:04:18.540000 I think that's a better word. 0:04:18.540000 --> 0:04:22.580000 But this, this phase only comes into action or, you know, you really only 0:04:22.580000 --> 0:04:26.700000 get into this phase once an incident is confirmed. 0:04:26.700000 --> 0:04:31.660000 And involves eliminating the threat and restoring systems to normal operations 0:04:31.660000 --> 0:04:36.240000 and the key activities within this phase include A, containing the threat 0:04:36.240000 --> 0:04:41.080000 by isolating affected systems and blocking malicious traffic B, eradicating 0:04:41.080000 --> 0:04:44.460000 the threat by removing malware, patching vulnerabilities and ensuring 0:04:44.460000 --> 0:04:47.320000 new persistence mechanisms remain. 0:04:47.320000 --> 0:04:51.300000 Because, you know, attackers or threat actors like leaving something behind 0:04:51.300000 --> 0:04:57.460000 so that they can get in, you know, another time or another day. 0:04:57.460000 --> 0:05:03.060000 And then of course, we have recovering systems by restoring data from 0:05:03.060000 --> 0:05:06.000000 backups and verifying system integrity. 0:05:06.000000 --> 0:05:11.760000 You then have performing post recovery validation or validations to ensure 0:05:11.760000 --> 0:05:17.680000 the attacker has been fully removed or any of their artifacts, you know, 0:05:17.680000 --> 0:05:21.760000 have been fully removed or eradicated, as it were. 0:05:21.760000 --> 0:05:24.600000 So that's that phase. 0:05:24.600000 --> 0:05:29.040000 We then have the post incident activity phase, which is lessons learned. 0:05:29.040000 --> 0:05:30.480000 And we haven't gone through this formally. 0:05:30.480000 --> 0:05:34.140000 So I would say this is very important, at least in the context of this 0:05:34.140000 --> 0:05:40.000000 course. But this phase ensures that lessons are learned from the incident 0:05:40.000000 --> 0:05:45.180000 in order to improve future detection and response capabilities. 0:05:45.180000 --> 0:05:50.780000 And the key activities involved in this phase include A, conducting a 0:05:50.780000 --> 0:05:55.300000 post incident review to analyze what went well and what failed or what 0:05:55.300000 --> 0:05:57.820000 didn't work quite well. 0:05:57.820000 --> 0:06:03.080000 B, updating incident response plans and detection rules based on findings. 0:06:03.080000 --> 0:06:07.940000 C, sharing these findings with threat intelligence teams to enrich data. 0:06:07.940000 --> 0:06:13.100000 D, providing training for SOC teams on identified weaknesses or the areas 0:06:13.100000 --> 0:06:17.220000 where you you think or feel that, you know, they could have done better. 0:06:17.220000 --> 0:06:24.220000 And E, or lastly, preparing reports for regulatory and compliance requirements. 0:06:24.220000 --> 0:06:28.380000 So again, I know that the focus of this course, as I mentioned, is not 0:06:28.380000 --> 0:06:31.420000 on incident response, but given that we're going to be getting into incident 0:06:31.420000 --> 0:06:34.600000 response, I think it's very important that I give you this, you know, 0:06:34.600000 --> 0:06:39.620000 formal foray into the incident response process, which again, by this 0:06:39.620000 --> 0:06:44.820000 point, you're already aware of, but the NIST 861 special publication is 0:06:44.820000 --> 0:06:46.220000 a great place to start. 0:06:46.220000 --> 0:06:49.940000 I've sort of summarized what it covers, but you can easily search for 0:06:49.940000 --> 0:06:53.180000 it on Google. And you can go through the document. 0:06:53.180000 --> 0:06:56.340000 In fact, I highly recommend you go through the document because it is 0:06:56.340000 --> 0:06:59.280000 very helpful indeed. 0:06:59.280000 --> 0:07:02.100000 But with that being said, that's going to be it for this video. 0:07:02.100000 --> 0:07:05.160000 And as always, I'll be seeing you in the next video.